INFRINGEMENT
From Bill Goodwine's Wiki
Literal Infringement
The Doctrine of Equivalents
In some cases the claims of a patent do not literally read on a device, but the changes are so trivial that it makes sense for the device to infringe. This is called the Doctrine of Equivalents and is best described in the famous Graver Tank & Mfg. Co. v. Linde Air Products Co. (full text) case.
Graver Tank & Mfg. Co. v. Linde Air Products Co.
Justice clipart, copyright FCIT.